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The conflict between the Turkish government and the Gülen Movement is a political conflict that began in 2013, between the governing Justice and Development Party (AKP) and the Islamist-orientated Gülen Movement led by Fethullah Gülen. The Gülen Movement has long been accused of maintaining influence in the Turkish political and legal systems and has traditionally assisted the AKP to overcome institutional opposition to its power. With similarities in ideology, the AKP and the Gülen Movement have long maintained an alliance, with the latter using their judicial influence to limit opposition from Turkey's secular establishment to the AKP's religious conservatism. Traditionally cosy relations between the AKP government and the Gülen Movement turned sour in late 2013 after Gülen criticised the government's response to the Gezi Park protests and their policy of closing down Gülen's private colleges.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=What you should know about Turkey's AKP-Gulen conflict - Al-Monitor: the Pulse of the Middle East )〕 The disagreement between the government and the movement escalated into a skirmish, with then-Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan accusing the Gülen Movement of trying to bring down the government by using their influence over the judiciary to cause a government corruption scandal (known as the 17-25 investigations due to the dates on which it occurred).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Erdoğan bindiği dalı kesiyor: Yolsuzluk soruşturmasının yıldönümü )〕 The government subsequently responded with large-scale reforms to the police and judiciary forces to purge Gülen's sympathisers from their positions.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Turkish police detained over alleged plot to topple Erdoğan government )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Erdoğan subaylara seslendi: Komutanların tutuklanmasında aldatıldık )〕 The conflict has been referred to as a coup attempt by pro-AKP commentators and as a purge of judicial independence by critics.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Başbakan Erdoğan: En ahlaksız darbe girişimi )〕 Branding the movement as a 'parallel structure' and accusing Gülen of setting up an 'armed terrorist group', the government's efforts to purge the influence of the Gülen Movement has become a mainstream issue in Turkish politics and has sparked nationwide concerns over judicial independence and growing government authoritarianism in Turkey.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Court claims armed group leadership in Gülen arrest warrant without evidence )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=EU report criticizes Turkey over judicial independence, press freedom )〕 ==Background== Relations between the Turkish government and the Gülen Movement date back to the premiership of Turgut Özal, who took office in 1983. The leader of the movement, Fethullah Gülen, has resided in Pennsylvania since 1999. Originating from a series of conferences and schools, the Movement gradually increased its influence in both the Turkish political and justice systems, with many of Gülen's supporters ending up occupying senior positions in the Judiciary. The Movement's influence in the Turkish government culminated in bringing forward the highly controversial Ergenekon and the Sledgehammer court cases against critics of the governing Justice and Development Party (AKP) in 2007.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Hanefi Avcı blames Gülen movement, government for Balyoz, Ergenekon cases - POLITICS )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Balyoz Gülen cemaatinin başın(d)a patladı )〕 The Gülen Movement's leader, Fethullah Gülen, managed to maintain a large number of supporters worldwide through the use of sympathetic media outlets, events, religious schools and charities. Several companies and organisations are affiliated with the movement, such as Samanyolu TV and Bank Asya.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Samanyolu Haber Web TV Hizmet-Hareketi videoları izle ve seyret )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Haber : Bank Asya'ya son destek Fethullah Gülen'den haberi )〕 The movement is also supported by numerous political parties, mostly by the AKP between 2002 and 2013. Smaller parties such as the Democratic Progress Party and the Nation and Justice Party have also been accused of being sympathetic to Gülen's cause.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Paralel örgüt tabela partilerini kullanıp attı )〕 The main opposition Republican People's Party was accused of maintaining informal links with the movement during the 2014 local elections.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=CHP'li vekilden paralel yapı itirafı! )〕 Independent MPs, such as Hakan Şükür, are also seen as staunch followers of the movement.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Hakan Şükür: İstifa ettiğim gün bakanlık teklif ettiler )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Turkish government – Gülen Movement conflict」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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